7种海参提取物酶法制备及其抗氧化活性研究

Studies on Enzymatic Preparation of Extracts from 7 Kinds of Sea Cucumbers and Their Antioxidant Activities

以7种常见的低值可食用海参为研究对象,采用3种蛋白酶:复合蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶,分别水解4,8,12h,制备得到海参提取物。采用还原力、羟自由基清除能力、氧自由基吸收能力评价法对比研究其抗氧化活性。以海参提取物得率、蛋白回收率和抗氧化活性为分类指标,将不同海参提取物进行聚类分析,结果表明:土耳其参、大连大乌参、澳洲海参、叶瓜参和大北极海参提取物得率、蛋白回收率较高,花刺参和小北极海参提取物得率、蛋白回收率较低;叶瓜参提取物的抗氧化能力最强;采用复合蛋白酶酶解7种海参时,海参提取物得率、蛋白回收率和抗氧化活性最强;在最适酶和酶解时间作用条件下,7种海参的提取物得率41.24%~55.57%,蛋白回收率65.06%~98.4%,还原力值3.41~8.34μmoltrolox当量/g干海参,OH值28.83~96.65μmoltrolox当量/g干海参之间,ORAC值38.99~133.08μmoltrolox当量/g干海参之间。本研究可为低值可食用海参的精深加工提供理论和方法的指导。

Seven edible sea cucumbers with low economic value were hydrolyzed by three proteases including protamex,flavorzyme and papain for 4,8 and 12 h to obtain the sea cucumber extracts,respectively.Assays for reducing power,hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and oxygen radical absorption capacity were conducted to determine their antioxidant activities.The different sea cucumber extracts were classified in terms of extract yields,protein recovering ratios,and antioxidant activities by clustering analysis.The extract yields and protein recovering ratios of cucumaria frondosa,acaudina leucoprocta,holothuria tubulosa,holothuria scabra,and thelenata anax extracts were superior to those of stichopus variegates and holothuria keferstein extracts.And the antioxidant capacity of extract of cucumaria frondosa was the highest.The extract yields,protein recovering ratios,and antioxidant activities of the sea cucumber extracts prepared by protamex were the higest among all extracts.In terms of optimal extraction parameters,the extract yields were 41.24%-55.57%.The protein recovering ratios were 65.06%-98.4%.The antioxidant activity values including reducing power values,OH values and ORAC values were 3.41-3.41 μmol trolox equiv/g dry sea cucumber,28.83-96.65 μmol trolox equiv/g dry sea cucumber,38.99-133.08 μmol trolox equiv/g dry sea cucumber,respectively.The results are beneficial for processing edible sea cucumbers to obtain valuable products in food industry.