黄麻核心种质的遴选

Core collection screening of a germplasm population in jute(Corchorus spp.)

遴选黄麻核心种质可为黄麻种质创新及新品种选育奠定基础。本研究以300份黄麻种质资源为基础,基于SSR分子标记和农艺性状考察,结合地理来源构建核心种质。结果表明,11个农艺性状变异系数变幅在13.06%~84.87%,表现出丰富的遗传多样性。按农艺性状聚类分析可划分为8个类群,按分子标记聚类可划分为10个类群。结合2个聚类分析、地理位置并按比例取样,建立一个由108份品种(系)组成的预选核心种质。采用44对SSR引物对其进行遗传差异分析,在遗传相似系数为0.65时,可把108份品种(系)分成圆果种和长果种两大类。根据遗传差异分析,剔除遗传相似系数大于或等于0.85的遗传冗余,获得84份品种(系)的核心种质,其中圆果种60份和长果种24份。比较84份核心种质与300份种质的农艺性状变异系数及Shannon-Wiener指数发现,两者之间相差不大,表明遴选的84份核心种质可以最大限度代表300份黄麻种质资源的遗传多样性加以利用和保存。

Innovation of jute germplasm and breeding new varieties are based on core collection. In this study, 300 jute accessions were systematically identified. The core collections were constructed by SSR molecular markers, agronomic traits and geographical sources. The variation coefficient of 11 agronomic traits ranged from 13.06% to 84.87%, indicating an abundant genetic diversity. These jute germplasm was divided into eight groups based on agronomic traits while ten groups based on the clustering analysis of molecular markers. Combining the two cluster analyses, and geographic location of these jute accessions, a preselected core collection including 108 accessions was established. Furthermore, 44 pairs of SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic differences. The 108 varieties were divided into white jute and dark jute at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.65. According to the analysis of genetic differences, genetic redundancy with genetic similarity greater than or equal to 0.85 was excluded and 84 core collections, including 60 white jute accessions and 24 dark jute ones, were obtained. By comparison in the coefficient of variation and Shannon-Wiener index of agronomic traits between 84 core collections and 300 germplasm, it was found that there was no significant difference between them, indicating that the 84 jute core collections could represent the genetic diversity of 300 jute germplasm resources to the maximum extent.