基于DEA模型和Malmquist指数的贵州省旅游扶贫效率评价

Evaluation of Tourism Poverty Alleviation Efficiency in Guizhou Province Based on DEA Model and Malmquist Index

扶贫效率是评价减贫效果的重要指标。贵州省是国家重点贫困区域,旅游业是贵州扶贫重点产业,研究贵州旅游扶贫效率具有重要意义。运用DEA模型和Malmquist指数,从静态变化和跨期动态变化两方面就2013—2017年贵州省旅游扶贫效率进行研究分析。结果表明,贵州省旅游扶贫综合效率接近DEA有效,旅游扶贫效果显著,但也存在旅游业规模报酬递减,对经济带动作用呈下降趋势的情况。要进一步提高旅游扶贫资源与技术配置效率,优化旅游产业结构,维持和推动区域经济发展,应对2020年全面脱贫后的返贫挑战、完成乡村振兴战略任务。

Poverty alleviation efficiency is an important indicator to evaluate the effect of poverty reduction.Guizhou Province is a national key poverty-stricken area.Tourism is a major poverty-stricken industry in Guizhou.It is of great significance to study Guizhou's tourism poverty alleviation efficiency. This paper uses DEA model and Malmquist index to discuss the poverty-alleviation efficiency of tourism in Guizhou Province from 2013 to 2017 in two aspects:static change and inter-temporal dynamic change.The results show that the overall comprehensive efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation is highly close to DEA effectiveness and the effect of tourism poverty alleviation is significant.However,there are still some problems such as is a decline in the scale of tourism and a downward trend in economic driving forces.Therefore,it is necessary to further optimize the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation resources and technology allocation,optimize the tourism industry structure,continue to maintain and promote regional economic development,respond to the challenge of returning to poverty after comprehensive poverty alleviation in 2020,and complete the strategic task of rural revitalization.