大乘与道——以古灵宝经为中心的考察

Mahayana and Tao: An Investigation Centered on the Ancient Ling-bao Scriptures

灵宝道教虽以大乘道教自居,但是古灵宝经里的“大乘”观念却不是佛典里“大乘”观念的简单移植。灵宝道教的“大乘”思想有着非常深厚的自家传统根基。在中国语境里,关于“大”的阐述总是跟“道”联系在一起。老子就将“道”名之为“大”。这无疑给了灵宝经造构者们重要的启迪。这样一来,关于“大乘”的认识,也就转换成了对“道”的领会,而所谓的“大乘道教”,实际上就是“圆融无碍”的道化之教。

Though Ling-bao Taoism is regarded as Mahayana Taoism, the concept of Mahayana of Ling-bao Scriptures was not originated from the concept of the Buddhist Scriptures simply. The Mahayana thoughts of Ling-bao Scriptures had the deep foundation in its own spirit. In Chinese context, the statements about Great was always connected with the thoughts of Taoism. Taoism is named after Great by Laozi. It obviously gave the creators of Ling-bao Scriptures some important enlightment. Therefore, the understanding on Mahayana had been converted into the grasp of Taoism. As a result, Mahayana Taoism really become the most harmoniously civilizing ways in the point of Taoism.