日本债权二重让与中通知的法律效果

The Legal Effect of Notice in Double Assignment of Creditor’s Rights of Japan

在日本债权二重让与中,让与通知作为对抗债务人和其他第三人之要件在形式上存在着区别。就对抗债务人而言,不需要严格的通知形式;就对抗其他第三人而言,要求必须以附有确定日期的证书为通知。在债权二重让与的权利归属层面上,由附有确定日期证书通知在先的受让人取得债权,债务人只能向其有效地履行债务。在以未附有确定日期证书通知债务人时,债权让与不得对抗其他第三人,债权二重受让人之间不能根据通知之先后顺序主张债权的优先受让权,但债务人可以向先通知的债权让与之受让人为免责性清偿。

In Japan’s doub le assignment of creditor’s rights, there is difference in form of notice of assignment as an important element against the debtor and a third person. With respect to the debtor,strict form of notification is not required,but to a third person,the notice must be in manner of a certificate with a definite date. When it comes to the final ownership of creditor’s rights in double assignment,the prior-notified assignee acquires the creditor’s rights if the notice is in manner of a certificate with a definite date,at this point,the debtor should pay the prior-notified assignee. The assignment of creditor’s rights has no effect against a third person if the notice is not in manner of a certificate with a definite date,in this case,the sequence of notice of assignment can not determine the final ownership of creditor’s rights,but the debtor can pay the prior-notified assignee effectively.