文化遗产保护真实性的思考

Reflection on the Authenticity of Cultural Heritage’s Protection

真实性是文化遗产保护领域的核心概念,而目前国内外对于真实性尚未有统一的定义。由于在不同的文化语境之下对真实性的认知不同,所以在文化遗产保护实践当中常常遇到不同甚至相反的保护意见。文章通过词源学的方法追溯真实性的词意内涵,然后从相关文献及国际宪章的发展历程来分析和理解文化遗产真实性原则的内涵,指出真实性原则在不同文化语境之下应该以地域性的眼光来看待,同时提出真实性除了具备统一性与多样性的特点,还具备随时间的变化而变化即动态特点。但是由于对真实性认知程度的不同,在具体的实践应用上,文化遗产真实性内涵被不断地改变。

The principle of authenticity is the core concept in the field of cultural heritage protection, but there is no unified definition of authenticity at home and abroad. Due to different cognition of authenticity in different cultural contexts, different or even opposite protection opinions are often encountered in the practice of cultural heritage protection. This paper, by means of etymology, traces the connotation, the meaning of the authenticity of the relevant literature and the development of international charter to analyze and understand the connotation of cultural heritage authenticity principle, points out that the authenticity principle under the different cultural context should be regional view, but it and puts forward authenticity possess the characteristics of unity and diversity, also changes over time which is dynamic characteristics. However, due to the differences in the cognition of authenticity, the connotation of cultural heritage authenticity is constantly changed in practical application.