非充分灌溉对南方灌区桃树生长的影响

Effects of Deficit Irrigation on the Growth of Peach Trees in Southern Irrigation Area of China

研究非充分灌溉制度对南方灌区桃树生长的影响。结果表明,非充分灌溉抑制桃树营养生长,但提高了桃树叶片的叶绿素相对含量,表现出植物的耐旱机制和补偿效应。最优非充分灌溉处理的地径、冠幅和株高分别比CK(充分灌溉)降低6.6%、14.0%和17.3%,叶片SPAD值比CK高6.9%。采用层次分析法综合评价不同灌溉处理,获得最优灌溉制度为处理2(灌水定额减少12.5%的非充分灌溉),得分0.818分,可在不影响桃树生长的情况下,比常规滴灌又节水10%以上,非常适合水资源相对紧缺的丘陵缓坡地经济作物生产。

The effect of deficit irrigation on the growth of peach trees in southern irrigation area was studied. The results showed that,based on the drought tolerance mechanism and compensation effect of plants,vegetative growth of peach trees was inhibited by deficit irrigation,while the relative chlorophyll content of peach leaves was increased. The ground diameter,crown width and plant height of the optimal deficit irrigation treatment were 6.6%,14.0% and 17.3% lower than CK,respectively,while the Leaf SPAD value was 6.9% higher. The effect of different irrigation treatments on peach growth was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process,and the optimal irrigation system was treatment 2(i.e. inadequate irrigation with 12.5% reduction in irrigation quota) with a score of 0.818. Besides the water saving of drip irrigation,it could save more than 10% irrigation water without affecting the growth of peach trees. And it was very suitable for cash crop production in hilly land where water resources were relatively scarce.