美国护理院校本科《健康评估》课程设置特点及对我国的启示

The Characteristics of Health Assessment Curriculum in America Nursing Colleges and Implication for Courses’ Reform

目的分析美国10所护理院校本科《健康评估》课程设置现状,以期为我国健康评估课程改革提供参考。方法基于美国大学最新排名及便利原则选取代表性护理院校,采用网络检索、邮件联系和内容分析法,收集健康评估课程相关资料并进行汇总分析。结果美国护理院校本科《健康评估》课程教学内容编排重视全周期、跨文化评估和跨专业合作护理;教学方法多样化并与信息技术深度融合;考核考评方法多维且严谨,实施多样化的过程评价和终末评价。结论国内开展《健康评估》课程,应增强学生自主学习能力,严格考勤评价制度,完善实践教学模式,并充分利用信息技术辅助平台,强化跨文化护理评估和跨专业合作的意义和重要性,以期最终提高护生的临床思维和评估能力。

Objective To analyze and summarize details of health assessment curriculum for bachelor students of ten nursing schools in the United States of America,and to provide implications for future reform in our country.Methods Based on the latest ranking of American universities,representative nursing schools were selected by convenience sampling method.The relevant information on health assessment courses was collected and analyzed by means of web search,e-mail contact and content analysis.Results The curriculum content arrangement of the undergraduate course Health Assessment in American nursing colleges focused on the whole cycle,cross-cultural assessment and cross-professional cooperative nursing;the diversification of teaching methods deeply integrated with information technology.The assessment methods were multi-dimensional and rigorous;the diversified process evaluation and final evaluation were implemented.Conclusions To carry out the course of Health Assessment in China,we should improve the students'self-learning ability and enforce the attendance evaluation system,improve the practical teaching mode,make full use of the information technology assistant platform,strengthen the significance and importance of cross-cultural nursing assessment and cross-professional cooperation,thus,ultimately improve the clinical thinking and evaluation ability of nurses.