明确性话语标记语语用功能探析

An analysis of the pragmatic functions of explicit discourse markers in Mandarin

明确性话语标记语是一种解释话题的标记语,根据话题与所明确内容关系的不同,标记语呈现出不同的语义功能,如:表示解说、表示原因、表示结果、表示总结、表示凭借、表示目的、表示方法、表示递进、表示转折、表示作用、表示关联、表示标准、表示疑问等。明确性话语标记语在不同语境中表现出不同的语用功能:在增强语篇效果方面,可用于评论、用于说明、用于析因、用于概括等;在彰显情感态度方面,有褒赞、贬抑、批评、讽刺、自省、轻蔑等功能。准确把握明确性话语标记语的语用功能,对于推进话轮顺利转换、理解说话人的意图都具有重要意义。

Explicit discourse markers are a kind of markers to explain the topic and often co-exist with various topics and their explicit content. According to the different relationships between topics and explicit contents,explicit discourse markers have different semantic functions such as explanations,causes,results,summaries,dependence,purposes,progression,transition,functions,relevance,criteria,questions and others. Explicit discourse markers have different pragmatic functions in different contexts:from the perspective of enhancing discourse effects,they can be used for comment,explanation,causation or generalization;from the perspective of demonstrating emotional attitudes,they have the functions of praise,derogation,criticism, irony, introspection or contempt. Accurately grasping the pragmatic functions of explicit discourse markers has great significance for understanding the speaker’s intention and promoting the smooth turn-taking.