我国刑事制裁体系结构反思与调整

Reflection and Adjustment of China’s Criminal Sanction System Structure

刑事制裁体系结构是刑事制裁发挥功能的制度基础。我国整体偏重的刑事制裁体系结构存在方法相对单一、刑罚单极化结构较为封闭等问题,这与目前轻罪、法定犯、危险犯增多的犯罪化趋势、宽严相济的刑事政策以及实务中轻罪案件比例上升的趋势不相适应。刑事制裁体系结构的调整势在必行:可从刑事制裁范围的合理圈定、刑事制裁体系的轻缓化和非监禁化、建立保安处分制度、优化非刑罚处罚方法等措施入手,建立"横向多轨,突出两极"的更具开放性的刑事制裁体系结构。

The system structure of criminal sanctions is the institutional basis for the function of criminal sanctions. At present, China’s overall biased criminal sanctions system structure has some such problems as relatively single method and closed single-polarization structure of penalties. It is imperative to adjust the criminal sanctions system structure in line with the current trend of criminalization of criminal offences, statutory crimes, dangerous criminals, criminal policies of lenient and strict crimes, and the proportion of minor crimes in practice. It is suggested to establish a more open criminal sanction system structure with "horizontal multi-track and prominent two poles", starting from the reasonable delineation of criminal sanction scope, the leniency and non-imprisonment of criminal sanction system, the establishment of security sanction system, and the optimization of non-penalty punishment method.