地缘政治视角下的中印海洋合作

Study on Sino-Indian Ocean Cooperation from the Perspective of Geopolitics

2018年4月中印领导人的武汉非正式会晤推动了中印关系的回暖,在一定程度上减缓了印度靠近"印太战略"的步伐,也为中印海洋合作的进一步发展奠定了良好的政治基础。中国和印度的海洋地缘态势与海洋地缘认知为中印两国的海洋合作实践提供支撑。当前,中印两国相似的发展定位、实现海洋政治目标的"借力"诉求以及应对海洋非传统安全问题的需要为双方海洋合作提供了有利条件。不过,中印双方脆弱的政治关系、海洋非传统安全问题的威胁以及美国和其主导的"印太战略"都会不同程度地影响中印海洋合作。未来,中印海洋合作将呈现出持续深化并逐渐丰富合作层次的发展趋势,同时也会产生一系列影响。一方面印太地区将成为全球地缘经济和地缘政治的下一个中心地带,中印海洋合作的开展会使印太地区态势更为复杂;但另一方面中国未来的发展将面临有利的外部环境。

The informal meeting between the leaders of China and India in April,2018 promoted the recovery of Sino-Indian relations, which slowed down India’s approach to the "Indo-Pacific strategy" to a certain extent, and laid a good foundation for the further development of China-India ocean cooperation. The marine geo-political situation and ocean geo-cognition of China and India provide support for the practice of maritime cooperation between China and India. At present, the similar development orientation of China and India, the "lending power" appeal for achieving marine political goals, and the need to deal with non-traditional security issues in the ocean provide favorable conditions for bilateral cooperation. However, the fragile political relations between China and India, the threat of non-traditional maritime security issues, and the US and its leading "Indo-Pacific strategy" will affect Sino-Indian maritime cooperation to varying degrees. In the future, China-India ocean cooperation will show a trend of continuous deepening and gradually enriching the level of cooperation, and will also have a series of impacts. On the one hand, the Indo-Pacific region will become the next center of global geo-economics and geopolitics. The development of Sino-Indian marine cooperation will make the situation in the Indo-Pacific region more complicated;on the other hand, China’s future development will face a favorable external environment.