船用制氮装置及制氮方法研究

Study on marine nitrogen device and production method

介绍了船舶领域中两种常用的制氮装置工作原理。膜分离制氮装置是利用不同气体透过膜的速度不同这一特性对空气进行分离。PSA变压吸附制氮装置是根据变压吸附原理,利用吸附剂在相同压力下对不同组分的吸附能力不同以及在不同压力下对同一组分的吸附能力不同这一特性进行气体分离。探讨了两种制氮装置的优缺点。膜分离制氮装置的优点是故障率低、性能可靠、排气压力较高、压力稳定、体积小。缺点是使用寿命短、维护成本高、运行成本高。PSA制氮装置的优点是运行成本低、使用寿命长、维护成本低、产品纯度范围宽;缺点是体积大、压力波动大、产氮气速度慢。通过介绍两种制氮方式的工作原理并对其优缺点进行对比,为船用制氮设备的选取提供了一定的参考依据。

The working principles of two commonly used nitrogen plants in ship field are introduced.The membrane separation nitrogen plant uses the characteristics of different gas velocity through the membrane to separate air.According to the principle of pressure swing adsorption,PSA pressure swing adsorption nitrogen plant uses adsorbents with different adsorptive capacity for different components under the same pressure,as well as different adsorptive capacity for the same component under different pressure to separate gas.The advantages and disadvantages of two nitrogen plants are discussed.The advantages of membrane separation nitrogen plant are low failure rate,reliable performance,high exhaust pressure,stable pressure and small volume.The disadvantages are short service life,high maintenance cost and high operation cost.The advantages of PSA nitrogen plant are low operation cost,long service life,low maintenance cost and wide product purity range.The disadvantages of PSA nitrogen plant are large volume,large pressure fluctuation and slow nitrogen production rate.By introducing the working principle of the two methods and comparing their advantages and disadvantages,it hopes to provide some reference for selection of marine nitrogen making equipment.