淮南采煤沉陷区积水中氮、磷分布特征及变化趋势

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN SUBSIDENCE WATER OF HUAINAN COAL MINING AREA

以淮南矿区9个矿井开采形成的沉陷积水为研究对象,分为夏冬两季取样测试,分析氮、磷等水质指标含量、季节与空间分布特征及其影响因素;结合历史文献资料,对潘一矿、谢桥矿和顾桥矿3个矿井沉陷区积水多年来氮、磷变化趋势进行对比研究。结果表明:研究区氮、磷污染较严重,TN浓度夏季较冬季高出55.33%,而TP浓度冬季较夏季高出21.05%,人类活动的季节变化以及降水的季节分布差异是TN季节分布的主要影响因素,而温度和水体中动植物的吸收释放是TP季节分布的主要影响因素;刘庄矿、顾桥矿、潘三矿等沉陷区TN含量较高,而TP含量在研究区呈现出中部及东部较高,西部较低的特征;开放型沉陷区(潘一矿和谢桥矿)积水中TN含量无升高趋势,TP含量有所降低;封闭型沉陷区(顾桥矿沉陷区)积水中氮、磷含量均明显上升。

Nine subsidence water areas in Huainan coal mining area were selected as the research object, and the subsidence water were sampled and tested in summer and winter.The content, seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed.With the historical data of the literature, the trends of nitrogen and phosphorus in the mining subsidence water areas of Panyi, Xieqiao and Guqiao were compared.The results indicated that the average content of TN in the study area was 55.33% higher than that in winter, while that of TP in winter was 21.05% higher than that in summer.The seasonal variation of human activities and the seasonal distribution of precipitation were the main influencing factors of TN seasonal distribution.Seasonal changes in temperature and absorption and releasing of plants and animals into water were the main influencing factors of TP seasonal distribution.The TN content in the subsidence areas such as Liuzhuang Mine, Guqiao Mine and Pansan Mine was higher, while the TP content was higher in the central part of the study area and lower in the western part.In the subsidence water of Panyi and Xieqiao, open depression area, there was no obvious change in TN content, but a decrease in TP content, so N:P was increasing, then the eutrophication pollution was not further deteriorated.But in Guqiao subsidence water area, a closed depression area, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased significantly, N:P was broadly unchanged.The research results can provide references for environmental management and water utilization in the coal mining subsidence area of Huainan.