上海市青浦区社区居家与机构住养老人生活质量比较分析

Analysis of the Difference in Quality of Life Between the elderly of Community and Institutions in the Suburbs of Shanghai

目的:比较上海市青浦区社区居家老人与养老机构住养老人的生活质量及其影响因素。方法:应用SF-36简明健康测量量表、基本日常生活活动(BADL)量表等对老人的生活质量、生活活动能力等开展测评,并进行描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析,秩和检验及多元线性回归分析。结果:32.6%的社区居家老人与28.4%的机构住养老人在过去半年患慢性病;机构住养老人为轻度及中度能力受损的占比为50%,远高于社区居家老人的16.9%;对于社区居家老人而言,生活自理能力BADL评分、患慢性病数量、医疗保险、曾经职业、性别、年龄对生存质量得分的影响较大。结论:空巢老人的心理健康问题较多,慢性病影响社区居家老人的生活质量,生活活动能力影响了老人的生存质量。

Objective:To compare the quality of life (QOL) and its influencing factors among elderly people living in the community and old-age care institutions in Qingpu District, Shanghai.Methods:The SF-36 Scale and the Basic Daily Living Activity (BADL) scale were used to evaluate the QOL and activities of daily living (ADL) of the elderly.Descriptive statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, rank sum test and multiple linear regression analysis were performed.Results:32.6% of the elderly living at home in the community and28.4% of the elderly living in the old-age care institutions had chronic diseases in the past six months;the proportion of mildly and moderately impaired elderly in institutional was 50%, which was much higher than the16.9% of elderly at home in community..For the elderly living at home in community, BADL score, number of chronic diseases, medical insurance, previous occupation, gender, and age had a greater impact on the score QOL.Conclusion:The mental health of empty nesters is worthy of attention.The ability of living activities is an important factor affecting the QOL of the elderly.Professional care of related chronic diseases needs to be improved.