全真道圆明老人所述修性《十马图》试论

On the "Shimatu" by the Quanzhen Taoist Yuanming Old Man

内丹修性,常用心猿意马为喻,其实早期是以牛为喻,并用牧牛来喻修心。用牧牛喻修心,最早出自小乘佛教经典,中国禅师由此而衍生了用《十牛图》来表示明心见性的修道过程。道教内丹学原与佛教无关,至北宋张伯端,开始引佛教禅宗明心见性来说修性,于是全真道士圆明老人也用《十马图》来喻修性。佛道二教的修性上,佛教爱用牧牛,道教则爱以心猿意马为喻。

For Inner Dan, ape and horse are often used as metaphors for cultivating mind. In fact,in the early days, cattle were used as metaphors, using herding cattle as a metaphor for cultivating one's mind. It originated from the hinayana buddhist classics, from which Chinese zen masters derived the "shiniutu " to express the spiritual and spiritual cultivation process. Taoist Inner Dan had nothing to do with Buddhism, to the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Boduan began to quote zen Buddhism to see the mind to practice nature, so the whole true Taoist Yuanming old man also used the "Shimatu" as a metaphor to repair the nature. Buddhism likes the use of herd cattle as a metaphor, while Taoism likes to use the metaphos of ape and horse.