从微观入手分析做功过程解释宏观热力学现象

Understanding Macroscopic Thermodynamics Phenomena Through a Microscopic Analysis of Working Process

一般教材没有对无摩擦准静态过程是可逆过程的原因进行详细的解释,并且通过卡诺循环的特例从宏观角度入手解释电冰箱原理也比较抽象。文章提出一种从微观角度入手分析体积功的方法,分别对这两个问题进行了充分的解释。文章提出的方法比较简单方便、联系实际、容易理解,期望对教学有一定的参考价值。

The reason why frictionless quasi-static process is a reversible process is not explained in detail in general textbooks,and the explanation of refrigerator principle is also abstract from the macro perspective through the special case of carnot cycle.This paper proposes a method to analyze the volume work from a micro perspective, and fully explains the two problems respectively.The method proposed in this paper is relatively simple,convenient and easy to understand in combination with practice,which is expected to have certain reference value for teaching.