冷藏车水产品堆栈方式对温度场的影响

Simulation and Experiment on Influence of Stacking Mode of Refrigerated Truck Aquatic Products on Temperature Field

水产品具有较高经济效值,维持冷藏车厢温度均匀、保障水产品品质以提高冷藏车运输效率成为当前重要的研究课题,其中货物堆栈方式是一个重要的研究方向。以上出风、上回风式水产品冷藏车为对象,通过ANSYS16.0中的Fluent模块,模拟得到了制冷装置下方分别装载高度为0、0.533、1.066、1.6 m货物时厢体内部温度场的分布状况,并对比了4种堆栈方式下货物表面、横截面以及纵截面温度云图。结果发现,温度沿车厢长度方向呈倒“C”形分布,即靠近车厢前下部和后下部区域温度较高;在制冷装置下方堆栈货物会对温度场分布均匀性产生显著影响,堆栈方式a即堆栈高度为0 m时,温度场分布均匀性最佳,货物区温度均在5℃以内,最大温差在2℃以内。对比试验结果和模拟结果,两种结果最大均方根误差小于0.5℃,平均相对误差最大为7%。

Aquatic products have high economic benefits and are prone to spoilage, which is mainly related to enzyme activity in the body, and temperature is an important reason for affecting enzyme activity. Among them, live aquatic products require higher temperature stability. Thus how to maintain uniform temperature in refrigerated compartments and ensure the quality of aquatic products has become an important research topic, in which the way of goods stacking is an important research direction. The distribution of temperature field inside the carriage of the refrigerated aquatic products with upper air outlet and upper air return was simulated by using Fluent module in ANSYS16.0. The temperature cloud diagrams of the surface, cross section and longitudinal section of the cargo under the refrigeration device were compared with those under the four stacking modes, which were 0 m, 0.533 m ( H /3),1.066 m (2 H /3) and1.6 m ( H ). The results showed that the temperature distribution was in the form of inverted “ C ” along the length direction of the carriage, that was, the area near the lower part and the rear lower part of the carriage was higher;the goods stacked under the refrigeration device would have a significant impact on the uniformity of the temperature distribution. In the case of stacking mode a when the stack height was 0 m, the temperature distribution was more uniform, the temperature in the cargo area was within 5℃, and the maximum temperature difference was2℃. Comparing the experimental results with the simulation results, the maximum root mean square error of the two results was less than 0.5℃, and the maximum average relative error was 7%. Test results and simulation results showed good continuity. The general law of temperature field distribution in refrigerated aquatic products transport carriage was obtained, which had a certain degree of practical guiding significance for the cargo layout and structure optimization of aquatic products transport vehicle.