碱提酸沉法提取银杏外种皮中银杏酸的工艺研究

Study on the extraction process of ginkgolic acid from seed coat of Ginkgo biloba using alkaline extraction and acid precipitation

目的:优化银杏外种皮的有效部位总银杏酸的提取工艺。方法:采用碱提酸沉法提取银杏外种皮中银杏酸,通过单因素试验和正交试验,以白果酸含量为指标,采用高效液相色谱法测其含量,考察料液比、碱液浓度、碱提时间、酸沉pH、酸沉时间对提取工艺的影响。结果:银杏酸的最佳提取工艺条件为料液比1∶5,碱液浓度3%,碱提时间1h,酸沉pH5,酸沉时间1h。结论:经优选的碱提酸沉法提取银杏酸工艺,操作简单,稳定易行,提取效果好,重复性好,适合大量提取银杏外种皮中银杏酸。

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of ginkgolic acid from the seedcoat of Ginkgo biloba L. Methods:The ginkgolic acid was extracted from the seedcoat of Ginkgo biloba using alkaline extraction and acid precipitation.The single factor test and orthogonal experiment were applied.The content of ginkgolic acid was set as parameter,and determined using high performance liquid chromatography.The effects of solid-liquid ratio,alkali concentration,alkali extraction time,acid precipitation pH and acid precipitation time on extraction process were investigated. Results:The ratio of solid to liquid for 1∶ 5,alkali concentration for 3%,alkali extraction time for 1 h were the optimum extraction conditions. Conclusions:The optimized extraction process of ginkgolic acid using alkaline extraction and acid precipitation is simple,stable,easy to operate,and has good extraction repeatability,and suitable to extract ginkgolic acid from the seedcoat of Ginkgo biloba.