论法律保留原则在规制行政立法上的功能及其实现

On the Function and Realization of the Principle of Legal Reservation in Regulating Administrative Legislation

行政立法中的法律保留是指国家立法机关对某些立法事项享有排他性的专属立法权,行政机关没有法律法规或立法机关的授权不能就这些事项进行立法。行政立法中的法律保留有绝对保留与相对保留之分。法律保留原则具有明确立法机关与行政机关立法权限、指导行政立法审查的功能。要实现其功能,必须构建有效的违宪审查制度、科学的司法审查制度、完备的行政立法内部监督制度与合理的授权立法制度。

Legal reservation in administrative legislation refers to the exclusive legislative power of the national legislature to enjoy certain legislative matters and the administrative organs cannot enact legislation on these matters without the laws and regulations or the authorization of the legislature. The legal reservations in administrative legislation are divided into absolute reservations and relative reservations. The principle of legal reservation has the function of clarifying the legislative power of the legislative and administrative organs and guiding the review of administrative legislation. To achieve this function, it is necessary to construct an effective constitutional review system, a scientific judicial review system, a comprehensive internal supervision system for administrative legislation, and a reasonable authorization system for the legislation.