技术理性与治理逻辑:社区治理技术运用反思及其跨越

Technical Rationality and Governance Logic:Reflection on the Application of Community Governance Technology and Its Leapfrogging

社区治理技术体系的建构过程实质是推进社区治理社会化、专业化、技术化的过程,要义在于坚持“多元共治”理念,核心是鼓励多元社会主体创设并应用多样性技术手段和工具,目的是实现社区有效治理和服务。从现实需求、价值取向、实践主体、技术工具、应用评价五个维度看,我国城市社区治理技术面临网格功能泛化、物业管理专制、社工难以退出、协商参与不足等问题。社区治理技术的有效运用,需要政府转变职能,明确社会主体功能边界,增强居民委员会社区治理能力,激活居民自治主体性。从治理现代化的高度看,社区治理需要深刻转变,即政府理念从“管控”到“治理”,治理主体从“单一”到“多元”,各类资源从“分散”到“整合”,主体功能从“泛化”到“精准”,治理技术从“模糊”到“清晰”。

The essence of the construction process of community governance technology system is to promote the socialization,specialization and technicalization of community governance,whose key point is to adhere to the concept of "pluralistic co-governance" and encourage pluralistic social actors to create and apply diverse technical means and tools with the aim of achieving effective community governance and services.From the five dimensions of realistic demand,value orientation,practical subject,technical tools and application evaluation,the urban community governance technology in China is faced with the problems of grid function generalization,autocracy of property management,difficulty for social workers to withdraw,lack of negotiation and participation,and so on.The effective use of community governance technology requires the government to change its functions,clarify the functional boundary of the social subject,enhance the community governance ability of the residents committee,and activate the subjectivity of the residents' autonomy.From the perspective of governance modernization,community governance needs a profound change,that is,from "management and control" to "governance" in the concept of government,from "single" to "pluralistic" in the main body of governance,from "decentralized" to "integrated" in various resources,from "generalization" to "precision" in the main function,and from "fuzzy" to "clear" in governance technology.