基于改进HFACS的危化品罐车公路运输事故致因分析

Analysis of Causation of Tanker Transportation Accidents of Hazardous Chemicals Based on Improved HFACS

为了加深对危化品罐车公路运输事故系统因素的了解,预判驾驶员作业不达标及组织和监督方面的失误,采用人因分析与分类模型(Human Factors Analysis and Classification System,HFACS),根据人因分析专家对危化品罐车公路运输过程中驾驶员的不稳定因素进行识别和检验,并利用三角模糊层次分析法对驾驶员差错与其致因之间的关系进行了分析,得到优先级权重,对影响驾驶行为差错的主要致因排序。结果显示,造成驾驶员差错的主要因素是驾驶员决策差错、违规,以及组织管理不到位。基于上述结果,在危化品运输管理方面提出建议,对驾驶员驾驶行为的可靠性提出改进意见。

In order to deepen the understanding of the systematic causes of tanker transportation accidents of hazardous chemicals, and to pre- judge driver's non- compliance behaviors and the errors in organization and supervision, we used the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) to identify and test the driver's instability factors in the process of hazardous chemicals transportation, used the triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to analyze the relationship between the driver's errors and its cause, and obtained the priority weight of the factors based on which to rank the main causes of the errors in driver behavior. The result showed that the main factors causing driver errors are decision error of the driver, non-compliance of the driver, and lack of organizational management. Based on the above result, we gave suggestions on the management of hazardous chemicals transportation, and on the improvement of the reliability of driver's behavior.