表面活性剂-碱协同处理老化油泥工艺

Study on Synergistic Treatment of Aged Oil Sludge with Surfactant and Alkali

石油开采过程中会产生大量的含油污泥,为解决该过程中石油浪费和环境污染等问题,在分析含油污泥基本组成的基础上,采用热化学清洗法,对塔河油田油泥进行除油处理,采用表面活性剂QT9和碱为清洗剂,通过单因素实验和正交实验考察了清洗剂加量、清洗温度,搅拌速率、搅拌时间、液固比等因素对残油率的影响。研究结果表明,当QT9加量为0.6%、混合碱加量为3%、清洗温度为25℃、搅拌时间为30 min、搅拌速率为210 r/min、液固比为3∶1时,清洗两次可将油泥含油率从14.3%降低到1.3%。正交实验结果显示,各因素对清洗后残油率影响的大小顺序为:温度>主剂加量>助剂加量>液固比。热重分析表明油泥清洗后其中的原油组分显著降低。

A large amount of oily sludge will be produced in the process of petroleum exploitation.In order to solve the problems of oil waste and environmental pollution in this process,based on the analysis of the basic composition of oily sludge,the hot water/chemical cleaning method was adopted to degrease the oil sludge in Tahe oilfield.The effects of detergent concentration,cleaning temperature,stirring rate,stirring time and liquid-solid ratio on residual oil rate were investigated using surfactant QT9 and alkali as cleaning agentsby single factor and orthogonal experiments.The experimental results showed that when the concentration of QT9 was 0.6%,the concentration of mixed alkali was 3%,the cleaning temperature was 25℃,the stirring time was 30 min,the stirring rate was 210 r/min and the liquid-solid ratio was 3∶1,the oil content of sludge could be reduced from 14.3%to 1.3%by twice cleaning.The orthogonal experiment results showed that the influence factors to the residual oil rate were arranged as follows:temperature>dosage of main agent>dosage of auxiliary agent>liquid-solid ratio.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the crude oil composition in the sludge decreased significantly after cleaning.