论传统村落保护发展的问题与路径——以云南丽江的几个传统村落为例

Approaches to the protection and development of traditional villages and the existing problems: The case of several traditional villages in Lijiang of Yunnan province

传统村落的保护和发展是建设新时代中国特色社会主义国家的重要内容,中国共产党在十九大报告中首次提出了“实施乡村振兴战略”。云南多年来抓乡村文化与旅游的融合发展,村民受益不浅。但当下也面临外来商户进村办民宿,村民出租宅院不经营,在往逐渐变成主要是外来商户经营民宿的“客栈村”方向发展,有的村民获得经济效益后在城里买房。不管农村的发展是采取哪种方式,是引进有实力的外来公司与村社进行旅游方面的合作,还是通过党支部+村民委员会+合作社等方式开展旅游经营,还是村民自办客栈,或是发展集体经济让村民受益,最重要的一点,其前提都是要留住村民,让村民共同参与进行社区的经济活动和文化传承,这样才能最终实现振兴乡村,裨益民众。

The protection and development of traditional villages is an important part of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.The Report of the 19th National Congress of the CPC proposes for the first time the implementation of the strategy of rural rejuvenation in China.For years,Yunnan has attached importance to the integrated development of rural cultural tourism from which the villagers have benefited greatly.However,the remaining problems include the following:because the villagers do not get involved in the management,they only rent out their houses to the outsiders who come to run such home-stay hotels.As a result,some villages are becoming“guest-house villages”run by outsiders while the richer villagers have bought houses in cities.Whether the rural development relies on the tourism cooperation between powerful companies from outside and the village community,or on the cooperation among the grassroots Party committee,the villager commission and the cooperative,or on the development of collective economy,the crucial point is to make the villagers stay on to participate in the economic activities and cultural inheritance of the village community in the process of rural rejuvenation.