中国区域创新能力的时空演化及其驱动力分析

The Space-time Evolution of China’s Regional Innovation Ability and the Driving Forces Analysis

基于中国大陆31个省市区的数据测度,揭示2001-2016年中国创新格局的时空演变特征,并从全国和区域两个空间尺度,量化分析了我国区域创新能力的驱动力。结果表明:①中国区域创新能力的内部差距在波动中不断缩小,其中,东部的极化水平较为稳定,而中部和西部存在上升趋势,东北地区呈现历年下降态势。②中国区域创新能力格局“东强西弱”的特征显著,且呈“东-中-西”逐渐衰减的态势,以“胡焕庸线”为分界,近年来东部绝对优势地位进一步强化。③创新能力高的区域高度集聚在沿海珠三角、长三角和京津冀三大区域,随时间推移,在空间上呈现扩散趋势,广大内陆地区的创新能力有所增强。④高水平和较高水平的创新区域分布有很强的经济依赖性,形成了明显的聚集连绵带,呈现出地理空间上以区域一体化为核心的片状分布态势。⑤从全国层面来看,人均GDP、电力能源消耗、R&D经费占GDP比重、高等学校教师数都是我国区域创新能力提升的重要因素。

Based on the data of 31 provinces and municipalities in China, this paper reveals the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of China's innovation pattern from 2001 to 2016, and analyzes the driving forces of regional innovation ability in China from the national and regional spatial scales. The results show that the internal gap of regional innovation ability in China has been narrowing during the fluctuation. The polarization level in the east is relatively stable, while the trend is increasing in the central and western regions. The Northeast region shows a declining trend in the past year.2 the pattern of regional innovation ability in China is characterized by "east strong and west weak", and the trend of "east, middle and west" gradually decays, with "Hu Line"(Heihe- Tengchong Line) as the dividing line. In recent years, the absolute dominant position in the east has further strengthened that the regions with high innovation capabilities are highly concentrated in the coastal Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. With the passage of time, there is a tendency of spatial diffusion. The innovation capacity of the vast inland areas has been enhanced by a strong economic dependence on the distribution of high-level and higherlevel innovation regions, which has formed an obvious agglomeration continuous zone. In the view of the whole country, the ratio of per capita GDP, electricity consumption and R&D funds to GDP, the number of teachers in colleges and universities is an important social and economic factor to promote the ability of regional innovation in our country.