共同犯罪上诉审程序探析

Analysis of Appeal Procedure for Joint Crimes

共同犯罪上诉审程序设计就其基础而言可参考单人犯罪案件上诉审程序规则,但也有其特殊的实体性规则和程序操作规则。首先应依有利被告人理念确立平衡刑事责任的基本规则,主要包括部分被告人上诉则全案判决不生效、上诉利益同案被告人共享、对部分被告人抗诉引起的量刑变化不应打破主从犯认定体系以及案件事实认定争议的上诉区别对待等。其次应关注其具体程序操作规则,主要包括不上诉被告人应以证人身份出庭作证、合理安排上诉人发言顺序、共同上诉人撤诉和上诉期间防止共同犯罪被告人超期羁押等。此外,共同犯罪上诉审程序未来应当随着上诉审程序正当化而调整。

Regarding the appeal procedure for joint crimes, the rules of appeal procedure for single-person crime cases are basically used as a reference, but there are still some special substantive and procedural rules.Firstly, there should be basic rules for balancing criminal responsibilityfavoring the defendants,which mainly include the invalidation of judgment in the whole case when some defendants appeal, the sharing of appeal interests with the defendants and differential treatment of findings of disputed facts at appeal trial. In addition, the change of sentencing caused by protesting against some defendants should not violate the system of determining the principal and accessory offenders.Secondly, specific rules guiding the appeal procedure also deserve much attention. Specifically, the defendants who waiver the right to appeal should appear as a witness to testify. The order of appellants’ speech should be reasonably arranged. Moreover, there should be rules for the co-appellants’ withdrawal of the appeal and prevention of joint crime defendants from overdue detention during the appeal period.Thirdly, the joint crime appeal procedure should be adjusted with the justification of the appeal procedure in the future.