中美航行自由争议解析——驳美国“航行自由论”

Analysis of the dispute over the freedom of navigation between China and the US——rebutting the United States’ proposal of the “freedom of navigation”

从2000年起,美国军舰屡次到南海巡航,多次侵犯中国领海,不仅引起国际社会的广泛关注,而且严重危害到中国的领土安全。美国主张的“航行自由制度”明显不同于中国乃至整个国际社会的主张。通过逐个分析中美航行自由的争议焦点问题,在《联合国海洋法公约》以及国际法的框架下对中美航行自由的观点予以法理解释,逐步揭开美国“航行自由”的真面目,从对内和对外两个层面提出中国应对美国“航行自由”的对策,为维护中国海洋权益和南海地区的和平与安全提供可行性建议。

Since 2000, the US warships have cruised in the South China Sea for several times, violating the sovereignty of our territorial waters. Such kind of action has not only aroused wide attention of the international community, but also seriously endangered our territorial security. The proposition of the United States for the freedom of navigation is different from that of China and other countries. By analyzing the key issues of the dispute of the freedom of navigation between China and the US one by one, the paper gives legal explanations to the views of the freedom of navigation between the US and China under the framework of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and international law, gradually reveals veil of the US “freedom of navigation”, and puts forward countermeasures from both internal and external aspects so as to provide feasible suggestions for safeguarding our country’s ocean rights & interests and maintaining the peace and security of the South China Sea.