厦门社区老年性痴呆患者其家庭照护负担的调查研究

Investigation on Family Care Burden of Senile Dementia Patients in Xiamen Community

目的研究社区老年性痴呆患者家庭照护者的负担及影响因素。方法运用普查法,采用照顾者负担问卷(CBI)问卷,调查2018年1-12月居住所属社区家庭,对社区老年痴呆患者主要照护者的负担及需求进行调查。结果共发放103份问卷,有效率为91.26%,调查显示:角色认知度较低,大部分认为照护是一种义务,对痴呆相关知识知晓合格率较低。不同年龄、性别的照护者其照护负担得分有统计学差异(P <0.05),患者自理能力、有无协助者、照护者角色认知、对疾病的认知等与负担得分具有相关性,且呈高度相关。结论应探讨社区、专业机构与家庭的合作模式,为照护者提供知识和情感支持,及时对照护者进行评估和干预,以促进老年痴呆者照护水平的提升。

Objective To study the burden and influencing factors of family caregivers in community senile dementia patients. Methods Using the census method, using the Caregiver Burden Questionnaire(CBI) questionnaire to investigate the community families living in January to December 2018, and investigating the burden and needs of the main caregivers of community dementia patients. Results 103 questionnaires were distributed, the effective rate was 91.26%. The survey showed that the role recognition was low, most of them considered that care was an obligation, and the knowledge rate of knowledge about dementia was low. The care burden of caregivers of different ages and genders was statistically different(P < 0.05), and the patient’s self-care ability, presence or absence of help, caregiver role cognition, awareness of the disease, etc. were related to the burden score, and highly relevant. Conclusion The cooperation model of community, professional institution and family should be explored to provide knowledge and emotional support for caregivers, and to assess and intervene in time to improve the care level of Alzheimer’s disease.