基于LUCC的生态服务价值变化研究

Research on the Changes in Ecological Service Value of Wanzhou District Based on LUCC

土地利用/覆盖变化(Land-Use and Land-Cover Change,LUCC)是影响土地生态系统服务价值的重要因素.该研究以三峡库区腹心地带的万州区1990,1995,2000,2005,2010和2015年6期TM影像为基础,通过图像解译,分析了万州区各地类变化,估算了研究期间各地类生态系统服务价值.结果表明,1)1990-2015年间,万州区耕地和草地面积分别减少了9 389.7 hm^2和3 695.85 hm^2;林地、水域和建设用地的面积分别增加了4 063.14,2 716.83和6 304.86 hm^2;2)1990-2015年万州区生态服务价值由18.82亿元增至19.41亿元,增加了3.10%;林地与万州区生态总价值呈相同的“上升—下降—上升—下降”趋势,耕地生态服务价值下降,草地先增后减,水域则相反;3)万州区生态服务价值区域差异有统计学意义,空间上以长江为界呈现东多西少的分布格局;4)1990-2015年间,万州区各地类各年份生态系统服务价值敏感性指数均小于1,表明万州区生态服务价值对其系数缺乏弹性.

LUCC(Land-Use and Land-Cover Change)is one of the important factors causing the change in land ecosystem service value.Based on TM images of Landsat of 1990,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2015,this study analyzed the land use change and assessed the ecosystem service value of Wanzhou,the heartland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.The results were as follows.During the research period(1990-2015),the area of farmland and grassland decreased by 9 389.7 and 3 695.85 ha,respectively,and the area of forest land,water body and construction land increased by 4 063.14,2 716.83 and 6 304.86 ha,respectively.The ecosystem service value of the district increased by 3.10%,from 1.88 billion Yuan in 1990 to 1.94 billion Yuan in 2015.Its forest land and total ecosystem service value fluctuated in a“Rise-Fall-Rise-Fall”pattern.The ecosystem service value of farmland decreased.The ecosystem service value of grassland increased first and then decreased,while that of water body showed an opposite picture.The ecosystem service value of Wanzhou exhibited a significant regional difference,being higher in the east and lower in the west with the Changjiang River as the demarcation line.The sensitivity index of ecosystem service value was less than 1 for of all land use types,indicating that the ecosystem value of Wanzhou was inelastic to its coefficient index.