API标准的发展对石油管材产品演化和标准化研究的启示

Research on Tubular Goods Evolution and Standardization from the View of API Standards

本文通过对美国石油学会(API)管材类相关标准的梳理,并对API Spec 5CT和API Spec 5L两个标准的版本历史演化、内容变化等进行回顾,总结了API管材类标准内容的发展特点和管材产品的发展路径,并从服役需求、技术成熟度、适用性完善和质量管理理念等四个方面阐述了标准发展的驱动因素,建议应采周跟踪分析、横向分析、纵向分析、系统分析、内外分析、需求分析、文化分析等方法对标准进行研究。最后,基于标准的“形式客观性”特点,建议标准国际化应同时考虑标准的技术因素和非技术因素的影响。

Through reviewing the American Petroleum Institute(API)standards related to tubular goods,especially the histories and content changes of API Spec 5CT and API Spec 5L,the characteristics of tubular goods standards evolution and the path of products development are summarized.Furthermore,the driving factors of standards revision are described in the aspects of service demand,technology maturity,applicability improvement and quality management philosophy.It is suggested that advanced standards may be researched by means of tracing analysis,comparative analysis,historical analysis,systematical analysis,harmonious analysis,demand analysis and cultural analysis.Finally,based on the characteristics of"ostensible objectivity"for standards,it points out that both technical and non-technical factors should be considered in standard internationalization.