基于PLA的广州塔模型FDM成型工艺优化研究

PLA-Based Optimization of FDM Forming Process for Canton Tower Model

熔融沉积成型(FDM)技术成本低、易实现,在建筑、艺术、工业设计、玩具等模型制作领域具有广泛应用,其中聚乳酸(PLA)以其优异的力学性能和可降解性,在FDM成型过程中成为主流原材料。通过广州塔模型的FDM制作,总结了几个影响成型质量的关键因素:为了兼顾成型质量和打印效率,通常选择0.4 mm的喷嘴;热床保持一定的温度可以避免成型体表皮因热涨冷缩发生翘边现象;借助80磅的A4纸手动调平热床的具体方法;通过调整打印参数中的回抽距离和回抽速度,改善成型体的拉丝问题。这些经验对其他结构的FDM成型具有借鉴意义。

Fused Deposition Molding(FDM)is a low-cost and easy-to-implement technology,which has been widely used in building,art,industrial design,toy and other model-making fields.Polylactic acid(PLA)has become the mainstream raw material in the process of FDM moulding due to its excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability.Through FDM manufacturing of Canton Tower model,several key factors affecting the forming quality are summarized:0.4 mm nozzle is usually selected to take into account both the forming quality and printing efficiency;a certain temperature in hot bed can avoid the warping phenomenon of the surface of the moulding body due to the thermal expansion and cold contraction;and the specific side of the hot bed is manually levelled with 80 pounds of A4 paper.By adjusting the drawing distance and speed in the printing parameters,the drawing problem of the forming body can be improved.These experiences can be used for reference in FDM moulding of other structures.