区域性新入侵植物欧亚蔊菜在沈阳地区的发生与危害

Occurrence and damage of new regional invasive plant—Rorippa sylvestris(L.) Besser in Shenyang

多年生根蘖型恶性杂草欧亚蔊菜(Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser)为十字花科蔊菜属,原产欧洲和亚洲西南部,我国原产地记载于新疆伊宁。沈阳地区未见文献记载有分布。2015年在辽宁省沈阳农业大学校园草坪首次发现该杂草。该种生长旺盛,迅速占领草坪生态位,形成单优群落,严重危害草坪。本文介绍了欧亚蔊菜的分类学特征、地理分布,并对该种的发生和危害进行了分析,旨在为该危险性入侵种的监测与防控提供基础资料。

Rorippa sylvestris(L.) Besser,a perennial malignant weed,belongs to the genus Rorippa of Cruciferae. It is native to Europe and southwestern Asia. Source area in China is recorded in Yining,Xinjiang. No distribution of R. sylvestris was reported in Shenyang. The weed was first found on the campus lawn of Shenyang Agricultural University in Liaoning Province in 2015. This species grew vigorously,occupied the lawn niche rapidly,formed a single-dominant community,and seriously endangered the lawn. In this paper,we introduced the morphological characteristics,the distribution in the world,biological characteristics and analyzed its harmfulness in order to provide the basic information of monitoring and management for this harmful invasive species.