贮藏温度和时间对风信子花粉活力的影响

The Effect of Storage Temperature and Time of Hyacinthus orientalis on Pollen Viability

为探究储藏温度和时间对风信子花粉活力的影响,以17个风信子品种花粉为实验材料,采用液体培养法,对其不同的贮藏温度(25℃, 4℃,-20℃)、贮藏时间的花粉活力进行研究。结果表明:低温有利于花粉贮藏,风信子花粉在4℃和-20℃条件下可延长贮藏时间,花粉活力随贮藏时间的延长总体呈下降趋势,在25℃贮藏条件下花粉活力下降速度最快。不同风信子品种适宜的贮藏温度不同,‘Aiolos’适宜贮藏温度是-20℃,而‘Fondant’在4℃和-20℃两种温度下贮藏能力差别不大。不同风信子品种花粉在同一贮藏条件下花粉活力差异显著。17个风信子品种花粉在25℃下贮藏6 d后,萌发率不同,‘Delf Blue’萌发率最高,达77.03%;‘City of Hearlem’萌发率最低,仅7.23%。风信子花粉适宜的贮藏方法及活力检测有利于提高杂交育种效率。

In order to explore the storage temperature and time of Hyacinthus orientalis on pollen viability, the pollen of 17 kinds of Hyacinthus orientalis was used as experimental materials and was cultured in liquid media. The storage temperature (25℃, 4℃,-20℃) and time were studied. Pollen viability was also tested. The results showed that low temperature is favorable for pollen storage. The pollen of Hyacinthus orientalis after 4℃ or -20℃ can prolong storage time. The pollen viability decreased with the increase of storage time. The vigor of pollen dropped fastest under the storage condition of 25℃. Different varieties of Hyacinthus orientalis had different storage temperatures.'Aiolos' appropriate storage temperature was -20℃. The difference was not obvious about 'Fondant' in 4℃ and -20℃. The pollen viability of different varieties of Hyacinthus orientalis was significantly different under the same storage condition. 17 varieties of Hyacinthus orientalis whose pollen was storaging under 25℃ after 6 d had different germination rate.‘Delf Blue' had the highest germination rate of 77.03%.‘City of Hearlem' had the lowest germination rate, only 7.23%. The suitable storage method and dynamic detection of Hyacinth pollen are helpful to improve the rate of cross breeding.