湖域社会水资源治理研究

Research on Water Resources Management in Lake Society

在传统中国国家财政紧缺和官僚体制无力的状态下,地方政府通常采用"官引民办"的模式,以引导者、监督者和仲裁者的身份介入水资源的治理过程来宣示国家权威的存在。多元主体之间因乡民群体的无实质性参与而呈现出一幅松散联结的水资源治理图景。当前我国实行的"官引官办+公民参与"模式是对传统中国水资源治理模式的继承和创新,主要表现为对传统中国纵横治理结构的延续与深化,国家行政权力由"名"到"实"的演变,水资源治理系统从"闭合"转为"开放",多元主体关系由"松散"走向"聚合"。其历史启示是:要充分发挥各类精英的联结作用、培植公益型而非私利型的社会群体、引导多元主体协作共治,由此实现水资源的良善治理。

Under the state of financial shortage and weak bureaucratic system in traditional China,local governments usually adopted the mode of " public-private cooperation",and intervened in the process of water resources management as the leader,supervisor and arbitrator to declare the state authority. Without the actual participation of rural groups,the water resources management presented a state of loose connection. At present,the " public-private cooperation plus citizen participation" model implemented in China is the inheritance and innovation of the traditional water resources management model in that it continues and deepens the traditional vertical and horizontal governance structure;the state administrative power transforms from " in name" to " in reality";the water resource management system becomes open and the multiple subjects are closely related. We should give full play to the joint role of various elites,cultivate social welfare organizations and guide multi-agents to cooperate,thereby achieving good governance of water resources.