“唐宋诗之争”的文化溯源

The Cultural Tracing of the Controversy on Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties

唐宋诗之争的论争性有滋其生的文化因缘。首先,擎受轴心作用的《易》之变易意识乃是促成唐宋诗之争发生的观念根源,而宋代《易》学与《孟子》汇通形成的义理内蕴及新铸的理性精神则如两翼一般更加强化了宋诗内涵与唐诗之别。此二者导致了唐宋诗之争的"必有争"。其次,"经""文"理念的转型是促成唐宋诗之争发生的重要因素。宋人潜心以新的"经""文"理念替代汉唐旧的"经""文"理念,即注重致用义理,官、文、学三者一身的宋人身份与强烈精诚的个人修养意识。唐宋经文观念的碰撞、对比及后世对两者的取舍、选择和融合导致唐宋诗之争的"须有争"。最后,两宋"士"精神的形成与发酵、当时强烈门庭意识与"帜别则辩"的时代风气则主观上促发了唐宋诗之争的"能有争"。

The controversy about poetry in the Tang and Song Dynasties has its cultural cause. First of all, the spirit of changeability in the book On Changes is the root cause for the controversy between the two dynasties. Secondly, the transformation of the concepts of "Jing" and "wen" is an important factor that contributes to the controversy. The Song people replaced the old concepts with their own, emphasizing the practical principles, thus the collision and struggle. Lastly, the formation and fermentation of the "shi" spirit of the two song dynasties and the strong sense of the pedigree worsened the battle.