论语境批评派对《易经》译文境遇的重塑

The World Presented Through Contextualists’ Translations of Yijing

在二十世纪古史辨派"疑古辨伪"思想的烛照之下,以韦利、孔理霭、茹特、闵福德等西方汉学家为代表的语境批评派基于现代科学精神和现代学术意识,打破传统易学的藩篱,把《易经》放入中国特定的历史时期来进行重新审视和分析,在《易经》的诠释和翻译上作了去德教化和去经典化的处理,从社会经济、祭祀活动、部落战争、奴隶与俘虏以及肉刑等方面再现了卦爻辞所记录的原始社会的古朴风貌,在《易经》的译介上走出全新的道路。

Profoundly influenced by the school of Critical Research on Findings of the Ancient and the Achaeological Development, Contextualists including Arthur Waley, Richard Kunst, Richard Rutt, John Minford studied and translated Yijing in the context of history and society with the spirit of modern science. Yijing was thus desacralized and revealed to us as a divination manual. A remote ancient world was presented through their translations with records of animal husbandry economy, sacrificial activities, frequent tribal wars, barbarous slavery and cruel corporal punishments. This Contextualist way of reading is very different from the traditional one and has a far-reaching influence on Yijing studies in the west.