主观判断,还是客观量化:瑞典足球协会的球员选材

To See or Not to See: Talent Identification in the Swedish Football Association

探讨社会环境和执教文化是否影响教练员的球员选材实践及其对球员选材的具体、隐性知识,从而影响其识别和定义天才球员的方式。运用文化社会学视角质疑这一观点:球员选材是(或可以量化为)一个理性、客观的过程。基于对瑞典足球协会球员选材项目中4个足球区15位足球教练员的访谈,研究发现,教练员在选材过程中主要依靠直觉判断,而直觉判断则主要依赖于教练员以往的选材经验、其对于"精英足球"的理解及其所处的执教文化。

The purpose of this article is to explore whether context and coaching cultures influence coaches’ practical experience and their unarticulated and embodied knowledge,and thus their different ways of seeing and defining talent. Using a cultural sociological perspective, we challenge the commonly held assumption that talentidentification is,or can be made into,a rational and objective process. Our interpretations and analyses arebased upon interviews with 15 soccer coaches in four districts within the Swedish Football Association’s talentorganization program. The results imply that coaches’ talent identification is guided by what feels "right in theheart and stomach";but what feels right is greatly influenced by their experience of previous identifications,interpretations of what elite soccer entails,and the coaching culture in which they find themselves.