乌鲁木齐市7～18岁学生近视检出现状及趋势分析

Analysis on the Status and Trend of Myopia Examination Among 7-18 Years old Students of Xinjiang

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生近视检出情况,与近视增长趋势变化。方法收集新疆地区2006、2011年、2016年3次7~18岁学生乌鲁木齐市体质健康调研数据资料库,7~18岁学生42 513名,分析2006-2016年视力不良检出率,比较2006、2011、2016年检出视力不良学生的瞳孔直径与屈光度变化。结果乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生视力不良检出率2006年为26.68%、2011年为30.73%、2016年为36.00%,2006年轻度视力不良52.80%、2011年轻度视力不良45.25%下降为2016年39.5%;2006年中度、重度视力不良20.52%、26.68%、2011年20.89%、26.69%上升到2016年的30.18%、30.32%;7~18岁学生视力不良检出率女生(55.74%)高于男生(44.26%)、城市(52.54%)高于农村(47.46%)、汉族(54.49%)高于少数民族(45.51%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2006-2016年乌鲁木齐市7~18岁学生视力不良随时间、年龄增长而增加,应尽早干预,避免后期出现严重视力伤害。

Objective To investigate the detection and the growth trend of myopia in 7-18 years old students in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods The data of Physical Health Research Database of 7-18 years old students(42 513 students in total) in xinjiang area in 2006, 2011 and 2016 was collected. The prevalence of poor eyesight was analyzed in 2006-2016. The pupil diameter and diopter change were compared in students with poor eyesight in 2006, 2011 and2016. Results The detection rate of poor eyesight among students aged 7-18 in Xinjiang area was26.68% in 2006, 30.73% in 2011 and 35.90% in 2016;the detection rate of students with poor eyesight was increased over time. In 2006, the mild myopia was 52.80%, and the mild myopia was 45.25% in 2011 and 39.5% in 2016. In2006, the moderate and severe myopia were20.52% and 26.68%, 20.89% and 26.69% in2011 as well as 30.18% and 30.32% in 2016.The poor eyesight continued to increase with age in students. In terms of 7-18 years old students in eyesight detection,girls were higher than boys,cities higher than rural areas,and Han nationality higher than ethnic minorities(P<0.05). Conclusion The poor eyesight in students aged7-18 years in Xinjiang area in 2006-2016 is increased with time and age, which should be intervened as early as possible to avoid serious visual impairment in the later stage.