海洋生态系统储碳过程的多尺度调控及其对全球变化的响应研究进展

Progress of the MARCO ——MARine CarbOn sequestration: multiscale regulation and response to global changes

海洋储碳机制及其对全球变化的响应是当前全球变化研究领域的重大科学问题,也是薄弱环节和难点所在,如何阐明典型海洋生态系统固碳过程和储碳机制,评估全球变化的影响,并进一步探寻古海洋沉积记录及其与现代过程的关联,建立海洋典型生态系统沉积碳库变动与全球变化联系仍是当前全球变化研究的核心问题。针对这一重要科学问题,国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”重点专项“海洋生态系统储碳过程的多尺度调控及其对全球变化的响应”项目,围绕核心主题“固碳过程-储碳机制-酸化影响-碳库变动”开展了系统的研究。近两三年来研究工作取得若干显著进展,较系统地阐明了西太平洋中低纬度边缘浮游植物群落的时空格局、多样性特征与演变机制,深入揭示了海洋酸化抑制固氮束毛藻固氮和生长及其机理,揭示了南海珊瑚钙化对气候变化和海洋酸化的响应,为进一步深入阐明海洋生态系统储碳的调控机制及其对全球变化的响应这一科学问题奠定了良好的基础。

The major scientific issue of marine carbon storage and sedimentary carbon pool change under the influence of global changes is the weak link and difficulty of current global change research.How to clarify the carbon sequestration process and carbon storage mechanism of typical marine ecosystems,assess the impact of global changes,and further explore the relationship between paleo-ocean records and modern processes,and establish the relationship between sedimentary carbon pool change and global changes.In response to this important scientific issue,the National Key Research and Development Project 14 MARCO,MARine CarbOn sequestration:multiscale regulation and response to global changes”,which was approved in 2016,focused on the core theme u Carbon fixationcarbon storage-ocean acidification impact-carbon pool change”,and made remarkable progress.The different ecosystems(shelf,slope and b asin)in low latitude marginal sea were systematically clarified.The spatialtemporal pattern and variation mechanism of phytoplankton community have been revealed.The mechanism of inhibition of nitrogen fixation and growth of Trichodesmium by ocean acidification has been deeply revealed.The response of coral calcification in the South China Sea to climate change and ocean acidification has been revealed.The mechanism of regulation of carbon storage in marine ecosystem and its response to global changes has been further elucidated.Scientific questions have laid a good foundation.