高度近视继发脉络膜新生血管和单纯高度近视患眼以及正常眼黄斑区血流参数对比观察

The comparison of macular blood flow parameters in myopic choroidal neovascularization, high myopia and normal people

目的对比观察高度近视继发脉络膜新生血管(mCNV)、单纯高度近视患眼以及正常眼黄斑区血流参数的改变情况。方法回顾性研究。2016年6月至2018年11月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院杭州院区确诊为mCNV的40例40只眼(mCNV组),年龄、性别及屈光度与之匹配的单纯高度近视患者40例40只眼(高度近视组)以及年龄和性别与之匹配的正常健康者40名40只眼(正常组)纳入本研究。比较3组间OCT血管成像测量下黄斑区3 mm×3 mm视网膜浅层血流密度、视网膜深层血流密度、黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积、非圆周指数(AI)及围绕FAZ区域300 μm宽度内的中心凹血流密度(FD)的差异。结果3组患眼平均视网膜浅层、深层血流密度以及FAZ面积、AI及FD比较,差异均有统计学意义(F= 24.82、9.18、3.58、7.68、14.15,P<0.05)。组间两两比较,mCNV组患眼平均视网膜浅层、深层血流密度及FD均小于高度近视组,高度近视组患眼平均视网膜浅层、深层血流密度及FD均小于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);mCNV组患眼平均FAZ面积小于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);mCNV组患眼平均AI小于高度近视组及正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单纯高度近视患眼较正常眼视网膜浅层、深层血流密度及FD降低,但FAZ面积与形态无改变;mCNV患眼视网膜浅层、深层血流密度及FD降低更多,FAZ面积缩小,形态趋于不规则。

Objective To compared the macular blood flow parameters among myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV), high myopia (HM) and normal subjects. Methods Retrospective study. Forty patients (40 eyes) diagnosed as mCNV (mCNV group) in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou from June 2016 to November 2018, age-matched, sex-matched and diopter-matched 40 HM patients (40 eyes, HM group), age-matched and sex-matched 40 healthy persons (40 eyes, normal group) were enrolled in this study. Retina superficial and deep vessel density, the area of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), a-circularity index (AI) and vessel density around the 300 μm width of the FAZ region (FD) on macular 3 mm×3 mm scan on OCTA of 3 groups were compared. Results There were significant differences in the average retina superficial, deep vessel density, the area of FAZ, AI and FD among 3 groups (F=24.82, 9.18, 3.58, 7.68, 14.15;P<0.05). The average retina superficial and deep vessel density and FD in mCNV group were lower than those in HM group (P<0.05). The average retina superficial and deep vessel density and FD in HM group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The average area of FAZ in mCNV group was smaller than that in control group (P<0.05). The average AI in mCNV group was less than that in the other 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The retina superficial, deep vessel density and FD decreased, the area and the form of FAZ remained unchanged in HM subjects comparing with normal subjects. While retina superficial, deep vessel density and FD decreased more, the area of FAZ reduced, the form of FAZ tend to be irregular in mCNV.