贸易便利化、腐败与企业出口

Trade Facilitation,Corruption and Export

文章通过实证分析发现企业出口通关所需时间越长,出口额越少;在弱制度环境下企业若以贿赂手段疏通关系,缩短通关时间,则能够减弱通关时间对企业出口的抑制作用,即贿赂发挥着“速度金”(Speed Money)的作用。同时,这种减弱作用存在企业异质性和行北异质性,对完全出口企业的减弱作用小于不完全出口企业;对时间敏感行业的减弱作用强于时间不敏感行业。因此,需通过简化通关程序、提高海关效率以缩短通关时间,打击海关腐败以营造健康环境等措施来提升贸易便利化水平,促进企业出口。

Based on the empirical analysis,this paper finds out that the longer it takes for the enterprise’s export customs clearance,the less its export volume will be. If the enterprise uses bribery to dredge relationship and shorten the customs clearance time in a weak institutional environment,the inhibition effect of customs clearance time on the enterprise's experts will be weakened. That is to say,bribery plays the role of “Speed Money”. At the same time,this weakening effect has enterprise heterogeneity and industry heterogeneity. The weakening effect on the complete export enterprises is less than on the incomplete export enterprises and the weakening effect on the time-sensitive industries is stronger than on the time-insensitive industries. Therefore,it is necessary to shorten customs clearance time by simplifying customs clearance procedures and improving customs efficiency and to improve trade facilitation and promote export by combating customs corruption and creating a healthy environment and so forth.