公示语外译地方与国家标准的定名及词语译法辨析

A Study on Terms Applied in Titles of Local and National Standards for Public Signs and Examples of Translation and Approaches

本文归纳总结了公示语外译地方与国家标准名称用语的选取和演进规律;辨析了地方和国家标准用名关键词语“公共场所”与“公共服务领域”,“标识”与“标志”,“翻译”与“译写”,“标准”与“规范”的异同;指出“公示语”这一概念从推出到广为社会各界接纳是自觉约定俗成的结果,地标、国标定名选词要严格遵循约定俗成法则,进而有效传播与普及标准、规范,精准发挥其在跨文化交流中的指导与制约功用。通过对部分译写原则与词语译法的解析,明确提出公示语汉英译写不应仅拘泥于对原规则、原语原意的“忠实”,更应以跨文化交际有效性为宗旨,精准服务于现实国家发展、语境实况与受众需求。

This paper evaluates the mles in the selection of terms applied in the titles of local and national standards for public signs,and analyzes the similarities and differences between the key words,such as “public places” and "public service areas","label" and "sign","translation" and "translation+rewriting","standard" and "guidelines".It points out that the concept of "public signs" from its introduction to the acceptance by media,administrations and academic circles is the result of convention.Thus the selection of terms for the titles of local and national standard should strictly follow customary rules and practices,so as to effectively apply and popularize standards and norms,and precisely play their guiding and restraining roles in intercultural communication.Also,this paper,through the analysis of some examples of translation and approaches,reveals that the C-E translation of public signs should not only stick to "faithfulness" to original rules and meanings of the source text,but also facilitate the development of the country,concern about the reality of the context and meet the needs of the target audience,so as to communicate effectively across cultures.