环境美学视野下的自然美育论

On Aesthetic Education of Nature in the Perspective of Environmental Aesthetics

传统自然审美并未实现自觉,当代自然美育需要建立起完善、恰当的自然审美的基本规范,从根本上改变自然审美怎么都成之局面。自然美育的核心问题是解决自然审美到底欣赏什么的问题。自然美内涵系统应当由物相、物性、物功与物史四者构成。培育社会大众客观地对待自然对象,深入探究自然界深度奥秘的格物之趣,培育社会大众尊重自然、关爱自然、感恩和敬畏自然的环境美德,此二者乃完善、恰当地欣赏自然所必需的社会文化背景。在当代环境美学和环境伦理学的帮助下,从质上确立仅有自然美、没有自然丑的观念,以及全范围地欣赏自然,将平淡自然、丑陋自然和危险自然均纳入自然审美欣赏的视野,方可从本质上超越传统自然审美经验,开拓出当代自然审美新境界。

Traditional aesthetic appreciation of nature fails to be self-conscious,contemporary aesthetic education of nature needs to build core criterions on comprehensive and appropriate aesthetic appreciation of nature in order to change the situation which there is no yes or no in aesthetic appreciation of nature. The crucial goal in aesthetic education of nature is to solve the problem of what should appreciate in nature. A system on the connotations of the beauty of nature is consisted of appearances,properties,functions and histories of nature. the activities such as to cultivate the attitude to treat nature objectively,to build the taste to investigate the deep truth of nature ,as well as to promote the environmental virtues ---respecting nature,caring of nature and owing-awing nature in the public consist of necessary social foundation for comprehensive and appropriate aesthetic appreciation of nature. With the help of contemporary environmental aesthetics and ethics,to build the concepts such as there is natural beauty only,but no ugliness of nature in a qualitative sense,as well as to appreciate nature in a full-range,to invite the plain nature,ugly nature and dangerous nature into the view of aesthetic appreciation of nature,by which,we can transcend the traditional aesthetic experience essentially, and explore a new land for aesthetic appreciation of nature.