不同经营规模农户生态耕种行为研究——以农药化肥施用为例

Research on Ecological Farming Behavior of Farmers with Different Management Scales: Taking Pesticides and Fertilizers Application as an Example

论文以农药化肥施用为例,基于江西省的2068份农户问卷调查,运用Ordered-Probit糢型,分析了不同经营规糢农户的生态耕种行为差异性及其影响因素。研究表明:(1)随着经营规模的增加,选择价格低廉农药的农户减少,认为能够长期改良土壤而施用农家肥的农户增多:(2)各规模农户凭借以往经验施用农药化肥的比例最大,中规模农户参考使用说明书和技术人员指导的比例最小;(3)不同经营规模农户生态耕种行为的影响因素差异大,水污染认知显著影响小规模和中规模农户,文化程度、务农年限和外出务工比显著影响中规模和大规模农户。最后,提出促进农户生态耕种行为的差别化激励措施。

Based on 2068 survey questionnaires of farmers in Jiangxi Province and use the Ordered-Probit model, this paper takes pesticides and fertilizers application as an example to analyze the differences in ecological fanning behaviors of farmers with different management scales. The research shows that: firstly with the increase in management scales, formers who choose cheap pesticides are decreasing, and farmers who think that they can improve the soil for a long time and use fermyard manure is increasing. Secondly, formers of all management scales have the highest proportion of pesticide fertilizers based on past experience, and the number of the middle-scale farmers who refer to the instruction manual and the guidance of technicians is the smallest Thirdly, the factors affecting the ecological farming behavior of fanners with difierent management scales are quite different, farmers' awareness of water pollution significantly affects small-scale fanners and middle-scale formers, the educational level, the years of farming, and the ratio of migrant workers of farmers significantly affect the middle-scale farmers and large-scale farmers. Finally this paper proposes differentiated incentives for promoting ecological farming behavior with different management scales.