预制坯形状对挖掘机斗齿终锻成形的影响

Influence of preform shape on final forging for excavator bucket teeth

根据某型号矿用挖掘机斗齿形状特点,设计了两步成形的锻压工艺,试验样件存在两侧弧形凸起填充不满的问题。根据成形难点重新设计了预制坯,并使用Deform-3D有限元软件对斗齿锻压过程进行数值模拟,分析了锻造过程中的等效应变和金属流动规律,研究了锻造模具的受载荷情况。根据模拟结果对预制坯形状和尺寸进行修正,设计模具并进行生产试制。生产得到的斗齿锻件充填饱满、内部金属流线分布合理、无折叠飞边等缺陷,与模拟结果相一致。结果表明,通过对预制坯形状进行优化,能够有效降低斗齿成形难度、提高成形效果。该研究优化了斗齿锻造工艺,提供了一种合适的预制坯形状,为挖掘机斗齿的锻造生产提供了一种可行的工艺方法。

According to the shape characteristics of a certain type of mining excavator bucket teeth,the forging process of two-step forming was designed. There was the problem of insufficient filling of the curved protrusions on both sides of test sample. Then,the preform blank was redesigned according to the forming difficulty,and the forging process of bucket teeth was simulated by finite element software Deform-3 D. Furthermore,the equivalent strain and metal flow law during the forging process were analyzed,and the load of forging mold was studied. According to the simulation results,the shape and sizes of preform blank were corrected,and the mold was designed to produce the trial production. Finally,the produced bucket teeth forgings were filled fully,the flow lines of internal metal distributed reasonably without folding flashes,which were consistent with the simulation results. The results show that by optimizing the shape of preform blank,it is possible to effectively reduce the difficulty of forming the bucket teeth and improve the forming effect. Thus,the bucket teeth forging process is optimized,and the suitable shape of preform blank is designed to provide a feasible process method for forging production of excavator bucket teeth.