子女照料、家庭负债与已婚女性就业——基于Becker家庭决策模型的微观实证

Child Care, Household Liabilities and Married Women’s Employment-Micro-empirical Study——Based on Becker Family Decision-making Model

子女照料与家庭负债对已婚女性的就业选择具有重要影响。为此,在Becker家庭决策模型基础上,建立资产负债约束下已婚女性"子女照料-闲暇-就业"效用最大化决策模型,利用2016年CFPS数据分析发现:子女照料对已婚女性就业概率及周工作时间存在负向影响,且家庭的银行负债对子女照料与已婚女性就业的关系存在负向调节效应。因此,在鼓励女性生育的政策背景下,政府需要综合考虑子女照料负担与家庭负债约束,制定更加有效的已婚女性就业保障政策。

Child care and household liabilities have an important impact on the employment choices of married women. In this paper, on the basis of Becker family decision-making model, a decision-making model of "child care-leisure-employment" utility of married women under the constraint of assets and liabilities is established. By using the data of CFPS in 2016, it is found that child care has a negative effect on the employment probability and weekly working time of married women. And the family’s bank liability has negative regulation effect on the relationship between the child care and the married female employment. In the context of the policy of encouraging female fertility, the government needs to take a comprehensive account of the burden of care for children and the restraint of household liabilities, and to develop more effective employment security policies for married women.