应用SW6设计软件计算压力容器应注意的几个问题

Several Issues in Pressure Vessels Design and Calculation with Software SW6

结合实际应用,探讨了采用SW6软件在压力容器计算中需要注意的计算细节。校核封头最小成型厚度时,可将减薄量与腐蚀余量一起输入,以免SW6给出错误的许用应力。对整板成型的无缝标准椭圆封头,内压作用下的厚度计算式中焊接接头系数可参考ASME的相关规定确定。对于直径较大的立式容器,在其卧置液压试验的应力校核中,应考虑设备直径高度上的液柱静压。对材料匹配、所受载荷等不符合要求的标准容器法兰,不能免除计算。在SW6计算时,还应考虑腐蚀余量和查相关标准确定螺柱的根径。GB/T 150.1~150.4-2011《压力容器》中关于平盖多孔的补强方法有不尽合理的地方,对于一些重要场合,建议同时参考其他标准。单孔和多孔平盖的补强方法不能混用,平盖开单孔应进行单独的补强计算。

Combined with the practical application, the calculation details that need to be paid attention to in the calculation of software SW6 pressure vessel were discussed. When checking the minimum forming thickness of the head, the thinning and corrosion allowance can be input together to avoid being given wrong value of allowable stress by SW6. For the seamless elliptical head, the welding joint coefficient in the thickness calculation formula of internal pressure can be determined by referring to ASME. For vertical vessels with larger diameter,the hydrostatic pressure of the diameter should be considered in the stress check of horizontal hydraulic test. The vessel flanges that do not meet the standard requirements such as materials matching and loadings cannot be exempted from calculation. The corrosion allowance should be considered and the root diameter of the studs should comply with standard in the calculation. There is some doubt in the opening reinforcement method of flat cover in GB/T 150.1~150.4-2011 Pressure Vessel. For important vessel, the calculation was suggested to refer to other standards. The reinforcement method of single hole and multi-hole in flat cover cannot be used in a mixed way, and the calculation of single hole reinforcement should be carried out specially.