高质量发展背景下技术创新政策转型研究

Research on the Policy Transition of Technological Innovation under the Background of High Quality Development

当前阶段,我国技术创新政策是在经济发展落后、技术基础薄弱的基础上制定的,具有较为突出的赶超性特点、扶持性和引导性特征以及非公平竞争性特质。随着我国经济由高速增长阶段向高质量发展阶段转变,对技术创新政策提出了新的要求,即要求技术创新必须讲求效率,要紧紧围绕核心竞争力提升的目标;必须高度重视产品质量和档次提升,逐步建成包括各层次技术、各领域技术创新的体系;必须高度重视技术创新能力的可持续建设,完善技术创新的政策体系。我国技术创新政策转型应该按照四个方向去推进,即向功能性政策转变,通过公平竞争促进技术创新能力提升;向科学技术体系深层次领域和长远性目标延伸,以便有效构建具有兼顾功利性和自发性的科技体系;注重在新兴技术和产业方面的调控偏差,将发展重点放在实体经济领域的技术创新;调整技术创新政策的调控方向,由注重技术创新行为向注重核心竞争力提升导向转变。

At the present stage, China’s technological innovation policy is formulated on the basis of backward economic development and weak technological foundation. It has prominent characteristics of catching-up, support and guidance, as well as unfair competition. With the transformation of our country’s economy from high-speed growth to high-quality development, new requirements have been put forward for the policy of technological innovation. That is, in technological innovation, focus should be put on efficiency, closely around the goal of improving core competitiveness. Great importance should be attached to product quality and grade upgrading, gradually building a system of technological innovation in all levels and fields. In addition, we should give priority to the sustainable construction of technological innovation capability and the improvement of the policy system of technological innovation. In view of the above-mentioned problems and requirements, we propose that the transformation of China’s technological innovation policy should be promoted in four directions, namely, to transform into functional policy, improving the technological innovation capability by fair competition;to extend to the deep-seated areas and long-term goals of the scientific and technological system, constructing effectively an scientific system with both utilitarianism and spontaneity;to focus on the deviation of regulation and control in emerging technologies and industries, emphasizing technological innovation in real economy;and to adjust the direction of regulation and control of technological innovation policy, changing the orientation from technological innovation behavior to the promotion of core competitiveness.