圆明园同乐园清音阁戏楼钩沉——兼论清宫三层戏楼的空间使用特征及其成因

On The Space and Function of Qingyin’ge Opera Tower of Yuanmingyuan Imperial Garden and The Construction of The Qing Court Three-storey Opera Tower

本文通过相关历史图档的解读,厘清了圆明园同乐园清音阁的历史变革,揭示了其在雍正、乾隆两朝在造型和功能上的差异,同时结合颐和园、故宫博物院现存两座三层戏楼升降舞台设施遗存及相关档案,参考《升平宝筏》等连台剧本,总结了清宫三层戏楼出场方式多元化、演剧空间立体化的空间特征。最后,论文从宫廷演剧追求闹热性、满足大型庆典活动需求、弥补传统戏台流动性不足三个方面,阐述了清宫三层戏楼形成的动因。

The thesis explores Qingyin’ge Opera Tower for its changes in form and function from Emperors Yongzheng(雍正) to Qianlong(乾隆) reigns based on historical documents and images, demonstrating the three-D theatre equipped with the flexible way-in and way-out via the three-storey opera tower with lifting stage remains in the Yuanmingyuan imperial garden and the Forbidden City. Moreover, it owes the construction of the three-storey opera tower in the Qing court to the three aspects--for the demand of royal amusements, for the necessity of the grand celebrations and festivals, for the replacement of the inflexible traditional stage.