微生物盐驯化对含盐污水除氮性能的提升研究

Study on improvement of nitrogen removal performance of salty wastewater by microbial salt domestication

取青岛某污水处理厂的活性污泥、在课题组SBBR反应器中经高盐污水驯化的活性污泥、以及肢州湾海滩底泥,分别测定其氨氧化速率、亚硝酸盐氧化速率、亚硝酸盐反硝化速率和硝酸盐反硝化速率,分析其中微生物群的氨氧化活性、亚硝酸盐氧化活性、硝酸盐反硝化活性和亚硝酸盐反硝化活性。结果表明,污水处理厂未驯化活性污泥对高盐废水的处理效果较差,当盐度上升到20g/L 时,其脱氮效果显著下降到32%。经过盐梯度驯化的活性污泥对高盐废水的适应能力较好,在 32g/L 的盐度下也可表现出良好的除氮能力。海水底泥在自然演化中形成了嗜盐微生物群落,表现出对高盐度较好的适应性,虽然活性较低,但能通过高通量测序判别出海滩底泥处理高盐污水的可能性。

Activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant in Qingdao, activated sludge after salt acclimation in SBBR reactor, and sediment in Jiaozhou Bay Beach were taken. The ammonia oxidation rate, nitrite oxidation rate, nitrate denitrification rate and nitrite denitrification rate were measured respectively,and their nitrite oxidation activity, nitrate denitrification activity and nitrite denitrification activity of the microbial community were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the treatment effect of undomesticated activated sludge was poof in high-salt wastewater. When the salinity increased to 20 g/L , the denitrification effect decreased to 32%. After the salt gradient acclimation, the sludge has a good adaptability to high-salt wastewater and good nitrogen removal ability even under the salinity of 32 g/L. In the natural evolution, seawater sediment will form a halophilic community, which shows a good adaptability to high salinity in the experiment. Although the sludge activity is low during the reaction, the high-throughput sequencing results have proved the feasibility of treating high-salinity sewage with beach sediment.