老子“道法自然”的伦理思想及其生态启示

On Ethical Thought of Lao Tzus “Tao Models Itself After Nature” and Its Ecological Enlightenment

老子“道法自然”的伦理思想阐释了万物的发展都需遵循自身的发展规律,不受外界因素的干扰,告诫人类应取法于天地万物,观察和总结天地万物蕴含的“自然之道”,以此作为人类生存的准则。“道”包含有世界万物之本源、无限真实存在的实体、万事万物遵循的总的准则三个方面的内涵。“自然”并不是专指大自然,而是指世界万物在没有外力支配下,一种顺应自身发展的健康、和谐、自然而然的生存状态。“道法自然”蕴含了“物无贵贱”的生态价值观、“自然无为”的生态准则以及“知足知止”的行为规范。在社会政治上,要求我们应促进多元主体合作,维护环境正义,推进“环境善治”的有效实现;在经济建设上,应创新环境保护与现代经济发展方式,践行绿色生态理念,推动可持续发展和科学发展的道路;在思想文化上,应提高全民环保意识,树立正确的生态观念,推动生态文明建设。今天,重新挖掘和弘扬“道法自然”的伦理思想可以为美丽中国建设提供重要的借鉴。

The ethical thought of Lao Tzu's“Tao models itself after nature”elucidates that the development of the whole world follows its laws without the interference of external factors.According to him,human beings should follow the rule of the heaven and the earth,observe and summarize“the way of nature”contained in the universe as a guideline for human survival.The“Tao”involves contents of three aspects:the origin of the world,the entities which truly and infinitely exist,and the general principle that rules the universe.“Nature”in“Tao Models Itself after Nature”does not specifically refer to“the nature”,but also refers to a state of existence of the universe,which is harmonious,natural,self.oriented and not governed by external factors.The thought of“Tao models itself after nature”contains the ecological values of“all beings are equal such thing as noble or humble”,the ecological norms of“actionless activity”,and the behavioral principle of“self.contentment”.In social politics,it requires us to promote cooperation among multiple subjects,maintain environmental justice,and promote the effective realization of“environment.friendly governance”.In economic development,it requires us to improve the way of environmental protection and modern economic development,put green ecological concepts into practice,and promote sustainable development.In the ideological and cultural field,it is essential to arouse the environmental protection awareness of the public,establish a correct ecological concept,and promote the construction of ecological ideology and morality.Nowadays,re.evaluation and advocation of the ethical thought of“Tao models itself after nature”can provide important references for the implementation of the“Beautiful China”initiative.